Publisher's Synopsis
In recent years it is observed that the problem of Infertility is rising over the globe. For 25% of couples, a cause of infertility cannot be identified. At the same time, if the couple is conceived, in most of the cases they have to face the problem of survival of their premature/weak infants. Because premature babies don't get enough time to develop in the uterus (womb) of mother, they often do have extra health problems. It is not possible to predict exactly how baby's first weeks or even later years will go [1]. It has been observed that near about one third of premature births take place without any apparent reason and without any early warning. Some of the known causes for such premature births are as follows:
Pregnancies including multiple fetuses are probably results into early end.
- Stressful events can bring out the mother into a premature labor.
- An infection inside the uterus may be resulted in an early delivery.
- Decreasing amount of water inside mother's womb starts the early Delivery process.
- In case of shortage of oxygen exchange to the placenta; doctor may advise for Caesarian section.
- In case if mother is suffering from conditions like malnutrition or chronic diseases, including high blood pressure, diabetes, kidney disease and hypothyroidism may result in premature births.
Regardless of the aforesaid reasons for an early birth, premature infants are highly dependent upon the continuation of breathing support, intravenous nutrition, intravenous antibiotics, and phototherapy. Such infants are frequently placed in Neonatal Intensive Care Units NICU) [2]. On the other hand, the healthcare cost is an urgent issue globally. The expenses for infant healthcare are elevated because, it is highly labor intensive. Even for healthy neonates, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is one of the serious problems required to be focused. SIDS can be explained as any unexpected and mysterious death of an apparently fit infant within a year from birth. As per the National SIDS/Infant Death Resource Center, SIDS was liable for nearly 50 deaths per 100,000 births. Although the SIDS rate has been dropping because of the alertness in parents and care takers, still it costs too high for any parents to bear the loss of a newborn baby. Plummeting the mortality and morbidity speed in newborns by applying an efficient monitoring and diagnostic methods is a challenge for doctors and care takers.
